I would concur with much of what's already been said, and would also say that extended test drives (including over a weekend if you can get one) on a variety of roads, especially a route (such as the drive to work) that you frequently use, plus a general good mix of road types & situations (to see how the car copes) is very useful.
You should also get a reasonable understanding of whether you feel comfortable driving the car the longer you do so - this can matter a lot if you're going to be driving it often and/or for long distances, or if you've got problems with your limbs (as you have) or your back (as I do). More modern cars will have more "adjustment" features for the driver's seat and sterring wheel than older ones, so always spend a while getting comfortable (making adjustments) before setting off for your test drive. Some cars (e.g. the Peugeot 206) has I believe very offset pedals (most cars do to an extent, some more so than others [especially on smaller cars]), which (also with offset steering wheels) can make driving uncomfortable and possibly cause long-term back and leg problems.
As this is your first car, you need to be as comfortable using it as possible, so make sure you don't get one (unless you're very good with electronics and multi-tasking) that has simple controls for the ICE, heater or A/C etc so that you keep you mind on driving rather than fiddling with some awkward buttons to find some function on the CD player etc. Better to have a safe but boring first car, than a flashy one written off in a ditch with nasty injuries to yourself and your friends/family because you took your eyes off the road too long to fiddle with the stereo. The same goes for insurance groups - don't be tempted to go for an older flashy car (e.g. a early 2000's BMW 3 series 325i etc or Gold GTi) because you'll unlikely to have the necessary experience to handle the car at the limit for a good while, plus you'll pay a fortune in premiums as you're a new driver.
Something simple, easy to insure, repair and drive that doesn't cost the earth to run and is reasonably reliable. My first car (back in 2008) was a two year old Micra, with no electronic gizmos (it had wind-down windows) - just a heater, a radio cassette player and a manual sunroof (a bonus) - no A/C, sat nav (not invented back then!), electric mirrors/sunroof/windows/do-dahs. It had the added bonus of being not attractive to car thieves, given all the other more "desirable" cars around at the time.
Go for something more upmarket on your second car after about 3-5 years.
Best of luck!
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