What is life like with your car? Let us know and win £500 in John Lewis vouchers | No thanks
Electric car technology - hillman

Petrol and diesel fuel prices are set to soar. But hope is on the horizon as the progress towards electric cars is accelerating. Most car manufacturers are hurrying to make sure that they are not left behind.

In the USA, IBM have announced that they have a lithium-air cell under development that will theoretically store 1000 times as much as the lithium-ion cell. That will give a range almost on par with petrol engines, but with an electric motor with only one moving part and capable of controlling torque and speed independently. There is a proviso, though, that IBM sort out the problem of the propensity of lithium to burst into flames if it comes into contact with water. Imagine ‘A foggy day in London town’, 97% humidity.

Methods of electric propulsion are being trialed in race cars now. It is even proposed to build the battery into the body panels. It is also proposed to incorporate induction coils into track surfaces to provide power to the cars and charge batteries ‘on the go’. The cars will have a matching coil to feed the battery charger, and the efficiency of transfer is said to be over 90%. That would be easy to do in public car-parks.

As well as the motor feeding power back into the battery on downhill stretches and when braking, the shock absorbers will have coils around them to generated power, much like those torches that you shake back and forth. I remember the dirt roads in Rhodesia and Zambia that had laterite surfaces. When the surfaces were first rolled they were very smooth, but soon became corrugated with an amplitude of three to four inches. Does anybody remember what a washboard surface is ? The suspensions for cars for those markets were tuned to the corrugations and at 50mph the ride was smooth and relaxing. The power generated by the shock absorbers would be near to ideal for extending the mileage between charges.

Electric car technology - unthrottled

All of those technologies are, at this moment in time, pie in the sky. Electric cars have their advantages, but a heavily loaded diesel is tough to beat in terms of raw efficiency and convenience. That won't change any time soon.

Electric car technology - Ethan Edwards

I beg to differ EV tech is not 'Pie in the Sky'. Thats far too positive.

It's the possibility of one day there may be Pie in the Sky.

It's fine for people who really don't need a car but for ordinary mortals as much use as a chocolate nuclear reactor containment vessel.

Electric car technology - Avant

At the moment the alternatives, including fuel cells, are mocy too expensive to be commercial. But their time will come: I wouldn't be surprised if this happened in the next 10 years. Unthrottled woud put it at further into the future I suspect, and he may be right.

Electric car technology - SteveLee

How do we get all that energy into the battery? With domestic supplies it would take days to charge such a battery fully, three-phase supplies would be required in every household, the national grid would collapse under the load, We are building windmills when we should be building nuclear power stations, the population is expanding at an unprecedented rate due to immigration - the case for electric cars in the UK looks shakey even if there was a viable battery to power them.

Electric car technology - Bobbin Threadbare

Steve is spot on. We'd be burning more fossil fuel just to get the energy to charge the batteries.....

Have a read - China-based study but there are some decent points

inhabitat.com/new-study-finds-that-electric-cars-c.../

A full UK study of different battery types: www.bis.gov.uk/files/file48653.pdf but no consideration in the findings about the method of energy generation for charging.

www.euractiv.com/climate-environment/electric-cars...1

A Danish study which looks at the 'well-to-wheel' energy cycle.

Electric car technology - barney100

Can't predict far into the future but at the moment electric cars seem expensive and short ranged. Until range is improved electric cars are not the answer.

Electric car technology - Sofa Spud

I think that in the future most cars will be propelled by electric motors, although only a minority will be pure battery electric. There's still the battery range problem, but for uses where range isn't a problem - e.g. urban commuting, local use in rural areas, electric cars would be ideal.

But for mainstream use, the range-extender hybrid, along the lines of the Chevrolet Volt what I think will become the norm. That is an electrically propelled car with a range on batteries of, say, 40 - 50 miles, with an auxiliary on-board generator driven by a small diesel engine (as opposed to the Volt's petrol engine).

I think this is part of the reason why manufacturers are looking to develop small, light 3-cylinder engines - both petrol and diesel - they would be ideal for use driving generators in hybrids, where they can work at optimum speed, not mechanically linked to road wheels. Also, these small engines would allow more choice in where they can be located in a hybrid.

Electric cars produce zero emissions and more importantly, in themselves they consume no fossil fuels. Of course that's only half true, as they pass that problem up the line to the electricity generators. One day we'll have to be reliant on renewables for electricity generation because all the finite resources will have become scarce - including uranium for nuclear power stations (I've seen 80 years at current usage rates quoted).

I'm not really bothered about the climate and emissions, I've yet to see any convincing evidence that we have caused global warming (which ceased 10 years ago according to the official graphs!). BUT we are using up the earth's finite resources at an ever increasing rate and they will become scarce and prohibitively expensive within decades.

Edited by Sofa Spud on 21/02/2012 at 10:59

Electric car technology - unthrottled

but for uses where range isn't a problem - e.g. urban commuting ...electric cars would be ideal.

Unfortunately, urban dwellers are unlikely to have off street parking-which makes charging a bit difficult-unless you want to have extension leads trailing across pavements...!

That is an electrically propelled car with a range on batteries of, say, 40 - 50 miles, with an auxiliary on-board generator driven by a small diesel engine (as opposed to the Volt's petrol engine).

Why not just se the diesel engine to drive the wheels directly??

Electric cars produce zero emissions and more importantly, in themselves they consume no fossil fuels. Of course that's only half true, as they pass that problem up the line to the electricity generators. One day we'll have to be reliant on renewables for electricity generation because all the finite resources will have become scarce - including uranium for nuclear power stations (I've seen 80 years at current usage rates quoted).

There's no shortage of natural gas or coal-and you can make liquid fuels from both. So the supply argument is not really an issue. Bobbin will know better than me, but I wasn't aware of any imminent shortage of Uranium.

In spite of huge, lop-sided government subsidies, less than 1000 electric vehicles were sold in 2011-yet another year that was touted to be 'the Year' for electric cars.

If you can't get the public interested-even with the game skewed massively in your favour-it's back to the drawing board.

Electric car technology - Bobbin Threadbare

Nah we're not doing too badly on nuke fuel supplies. The Chinese and Indians will be rabbing as much uranium as they can in the next decade because their nuclear plant build rate is phenomenal at the mo, but we've got other fuels and there's reprocessed stuff too.

Electric car technology - ChannelZ

EV cars, like that one on TG this week, just need big rechargable batteries, and a small petrol/diesel engine to run a generator when required.

I've a diesel genset at home. Generates 6.5kW for 6 hours on 20l of diesel, running on it's little single cylinder 690cc diesel engine.

Why don't the car manufacturers fit a small 2-cylinder boxer or V-twin diesel, that'll run on anything vaguely combustable (veg oil, kerosene, diesel, bio-diesel) to run a generator?

Diesel-electric has been around a long time, and is proven technology in trains. Big, slow speed, efficient diesel running a generator, which powers traction motors at the wheels.

Electric car technology - unthrottled

Diesel-electric has been around a long time, and is proven technology in trains.

Because the efficiency gain obtained by running the engine at a constant speed and load is almost entirely wiped out by the thermodynamic losses incurred by running a generator to charge and discharge a battery to drive a motor to turn the wheels.

Diesel electric is used on trains because the electric motor can provide maximum torque at zero RPM. Slipping a clutch isn't really a viable option to get a 5000 tonne freight train started on an incline.

The problem of trying to rapidly charge and discharge a battery corrosponding to driver demand for acceleration and deceleration is very hard on the battery. All these 'solutions' look good as basic concepts. Then again an adiabatic, frictionless Internal Combustion Engine looks good as a concept. The status quo has not arrived by accident.

Electric car technology - ChannelZ

I know why it's used in trains, thanks. That car TG drove used a 2 litre petrol engine to drive the electric motors, charge the batteries, and provide long range. So, there's a presedent. Why not make it simpler, and fit a small diesel to do the same job?

Electric car technology - jamie745

I wouldnt normally reference Top Gear in any vaguely intelligent conversation but that thing they drove on Sunday's show (Fisker?) seemed a good idea, using a conventional engine to power batteries. What that means for 'fuel economy' as such im not sure but im guessing what James was trying to explain was that using batteries to transfer the engines power to driving the car makes more of the engines power than a gearbox and other conventional mechanics.

Something like that anyway.

Electric car technology - unthrottled

I know why it's used in trains, thanks

Well. you don't seem to know why it's used. I don't see the purpose of using an internal combustion engine to drive the wheels via an electric motor unless you have to! What do you gain?

Why not make it simpler, and fit a small diesel to do the same job?

What happens if you want to do extended high speed driving on the motorway? The single cylinder generator can't keep up with the required output. Not to mention the huge weight of a single cylinder diesel relative to its output.

The major problem with inefficiency isn't with the engine itself but drivers.

Electric car technology - ChannelZ

I know why it's used in trains, thanks

Well. you don't seem to know why it's used. I don't see the purpose of using an internal combustion engine to drive the wheels via an electric motor unless you have to! What do you gain?

Why not make it simpler, and fit a small diesel to do the same job?

What happens if you want to do extended high speed driving on the motorway? The single cylinder generator can't keep up with the required output. Not to mention the huge weight of a single cylinder diesel relative to its output.

The major problem with inefficiency isn't with the engine itself but drivers.

OH MY....jeesh, do you sit there and specifically try and be annoying, or does it just come naturally? You ALWAYS totally miss the point. I think you just argue for the sake of it.

I said, why not fit a small diesel engine to extend the range when needed. You run it on battery/regenerative braking power, solar panels on the roof etc, but if you need to go on a longer journey then a small engine can run a generator to get you there. Then you plug in to recharge. Hell, you could even run the diesel to provide cabin heating (which you really can't have on pure electric cars unless you're only doing a few miles).

I'm not saying run a small genset to exclusively run traction motors, that'd be idiotic.

Give me strength.

Electric car technology - unthrottled

I said, why not fit a small diesel engine to extend the range when needed.

Why bother with the electric motor and battery headache then?? The concept of a plug-in is like LPG. Its only appeal lies in the tax bias. Tax it on the same basis as petrol/diesel and virtually no-one would be interested.

Electric car technology - jamie745

Thats not accidental though, the tax bias is there to supposedly 'encourage' the public to buy electric cars. We've been told for years that we cant keep using petrol and diesel so they tax it to the Moon to force us to change.

Take the tax off of conventional fuel and nobody would be interested in electric either.

Electric car technology - HandCart

The other day my car was booked in to be mended, so I knew I'd go to work on my electrically-assisted bicycle the next day.

But a point to bear in mind about potential plug-in car ownership was brought home to me VERY firmly that following morning: Distracted by other events in the household, I'd forgotten to put the bike on charge the previous night !