Whether private or public..only a court can fine you.
If public, the local authority can issue a Penalty Charge Notice, if you decline, then it's off to court... who can fine you.
If private, they can't fine you and they can't issue a Penalty Charge Notice, although many try. All they can ultimately do is sue you for a civil breach of contract, presumably something written on a notice somewhere. Even then the likely remuneration they would be due would be miniscule compared to the charges they try to extort.
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