I can't comment about your insurer or what SEAT stipulate are 'allowable' wheel and tyre combos (I suspect its more what they will fit with their stock of OEM alloys vs the minimum and maximum alloy diameter for the brakes and steering/suspension), however:
I changed my Mazda3's OEM 16 alloys a few years ago for similarish reasons (the ride previously wasn' that harsh, but I drove a near identical car with 15in wheels and higher profile tyres and the only difference was a better ride) as well as needing to change one anyway that was corroded and causing a tyre leak (the others going in a similar direction after 12 years).
I spoke to my insurer at the time (esure) what, if anything I would need to do if I was 'downsizing' (same rolling diamter within the +/- % limit) from 205/55 R16 to 195/65 R15 and they said 'just tell us', but I also asked for a requote, as I deliberately wanted to get the work done as my car was due to be re-insured anyway.
There appeared to be no change in premium for this downsizing, noting that the size combo chosen was one of the three 'allowable' ones on the car's door plate and handbook (the other was upsizing to 17in). The actual premium came in lower than the previous year (same conditions otherwise), but that wasn't attributable to the downsizing, probably just market conditions at the time (March 2018).
I suspect if had upsized, it would've been treated as a (negative) 'modification' in terms (for them anyway) of safety and been charged a bit more in the premium, though I didn't check.
Going outside of the 'allowable' alloy and tyre size combo might attract a far larger bump in premium because (for example) the tyre is much bigger/higher performance and/or rarer and might indicate you are a faster, more risk-taking driver, never mind the extra expense of both wheel and tyre if needed to be replaced after an accident.
Whether going a non-OEM route (even on the allowable wheel size - don't forget it's also what width of tyre each accepts) makes a difference as well, I don't know - possibly.
If you're downsizing, I suspect like mine it'll be cost neutral if you do so when the car is due to be re-insured. Outside of that time, you might incur an admin fee of (say) £15 - £30 for 'changing the policy'. For some (better) insurers, they may waive this for minor changes like this, especially if you're a long-standing customer. Ask them to see what you can get - that will likely mean telephoning.
Whatever the case, make doubly sure the new smaller wheels fit over/don't touch the brakes!
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