If this is an EDC system it will have a needle lift sensor on one injector. This MUST be fitted on the correct cylinder, which on a 4 cylinder engine is No.3. I think it's also No.3 on a 6 cylinder engine, but I'm not 100% sure of that so double check.

You say the engine will run on Easy Start but it produces black smoke. That's a sign of insufficient air. You can do a lot of damage to a diesel engine with this stuff so if you must use it give it only a tiny sniff. If you hear the engine knock you've given it too much. If it won't start with just a sniff then something is clearly wrong. Make sure the engine draws clean air and is not clawing back its exhaust gasses, on which it cannot run because there is very little oxygen. Do you see light colour smoke from the exhaust when you crank the engine? It you do you know fuel is being injected.

Are you 100% certain that the fuel pump is correctly timed? Even the smallest adjustment makes a big difference to the pump timing. Also are you sure air isn't getting into the fuel system around the fuel filter?

Forget fault codes. They mean very little and can easily lead you up the garden path. But a scantool is very useful for live data checks. Do you have an engine rpm signal when you crank it? Use a scantool to check this. If you do you know the crankshaft sensor is working. This is the only sensor that will prevent the engine from running if it's faulty. None of the others will. The good thing about live data is you see what the ECM sees.

S'funny - every parts diagram has one for that pump - Bosch don't call it a stop valve or stop solenoid they call it an electrical switch. On the top of the rotor housing.