Some of the best fakes tend to be from those imitating US-based firms, such as Ebay, Amazon and the social media giants, especially as they often don't include 'change your account' requests, but fake 'updates to our Ts & Cs' and to 'click the link below to read the new terms of business.
It then could take you to a fake page which requests you login to your account, which, with Amazon, means they often have access to buying stuff because your credit card details are stored there. You'd then only find out about the crime once you either get your credit card bill or if you are very dilligent when buying an item yourself and find one you didn't buy on your list of recent purchases.
Rarely does the credit card firms bother to try and contact you to check the voracity of non-geographical purchases (i.e. on the interweb) these days during the actual purchase process - it happened to me, once, when I tried to buy some computer hardware from one of the (reputable) UK online firms about 15 or so years ago, as they temporarily blocked my purchase and phoned me on my mobile to check (it then went through second time very smoothly). Never again did this happen, despite me buying stuff directly from the States, or even when I was 250+ miles away down in Cornwall on holiday (even the first time I went).
Unless you know you've been phished, there appears to be very little done to keep an eye on account usage these days for lower level purchases. Email providers still don't seem to take much notice of phishing scams, and the 'blocking' facilities on my Outlook.com account are nigh on useless, given how easy it is for scammers to change email addresses these days.
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