This could get quite complicated but in essence. This is tort of negligence. If you acted negligently in leaving your bin in a situation where you knowingly thought it could damage your neighbours property then in law you have damaged him and he is entitled to claim damage from you.
However how can this be proven. You have stated it was windy. Were the bins stored in their normal place or had they been placed out ready for collection ? If they had been placed ready for collection was the neighbours car parked when you placed the bin ? Could you have reasonably expected that in the weather conditions was the bin likely to blow over and in which direction. You have to prove that you acted as " a reasonable man" in this situation.
If the bin was heavy when you put it out and the bin men emptied it in a wind, does the Council have a duty of care to place your bin in a safe place where it is unlikely to blow over ?.
OK so you are either negligent or you are not. If you are then most likely your House Insurance company are liable for losses incurred by your acts or omissions under Public liability.
I think you know your self if you acted in a reasonable way. If you think you did then tell your neighbour politely why you think it is not your fault. If he gets heavy then I would refer it to my Insurer with full information and advise your neighbour to communicate directly with them.
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